High Voltage Substations

High Voltage Substations

high voltage substation is a set of equipment that is placed in the path of production, transmission or distribution of electricity and changes the voltage or the same electric power to higher or lower values ​​according to the different needs of power consumption centers.

Therefore, the main purpose of constructing high voltage substations is the possibility of transferring electricity from power plants to power distribution centers and then places of consumption such as industrial, commercial and urban centers.

Types of high voltage substation

Electrical substations are determined based on factors such as duty and voltage range, ‌ location of equipment, ‌ types of insulation and which are mentioned below:

Based on duty

High Voltage Substations are divided into types of converters (voltage increase or decrease) or switchgear based on what they do. Incremental substations, also known as power substations, increase the voltage of energy produced in power plant generators, which is about 6 kV and above, to allow high-power transmission to the above distribution substations so that the voltage in The length of the network reaches up to 400 kV.

After that, reducing substations, in the transmission path, ‌ by reducing the voltage to about 20 kV, provide the possibility of distributing the generated power to urban and industrial centers. Key switches, however, connect different lines in the network without increasing or increasing the voltage and increase the network maneuverability.

Sometimes substations also operate in combination; assuming a part of a substation also distributes by reducing voltage.

Reasons for using mobile electrical substations

• When it is not possible to establish a permanent substation
• Cost and time of construction of high and long fixed posts
• Need for periodic repairs of fixed substations
• Damage to local posts due to natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, etc.

Based on insulation

The electrical substations are divided to two categories based on insulation used to secure voltage equipment and parts: Air Insolated Substation, AIS and Gas Insolated Substation, GIS

The insulation used in air posts is air and the insulation used in gas posts is a gas called sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).

Advantages and disadvantages of air and gas insulation

If air is used as insulation, substation equipment should be spaced further apart, but in the case of gas insulation, because the electrical conductor components are housed in gas-filled chambers, the equipment distance is shorter and the location required. It will be smaller, which is important for posts that are built in urban areas with high density and land value.

Climate change and air pollution can cause erosion or damage to equipment, which is not the case with gas insulation.

Sulfur hexafluoride (sf6)

Sulfur hexafluoride (sf6) gas is non-toxic, odorless, colorless and non-flammable, and its spark extinguishing properties are much higher than air, and of course, they are more expensive than air insulation.

It is noteworthy that in some posts, two air and gas insulators can be used in combination.

High Voltage Substation’s components

 A high voltage substation has switching equipment, protection, control systems as well as one or more transformers.

Other items in a substation include end-of-line maintenance equipment, high-pressure switchboard, low-pressure switchboard, igniter, control system, ground system, and measuring systems.

Some of these equipment does the main job of substations and some are used to protect and control and monitor its operation, such as: protection of substations from lightning or possible fires.

Electrical specialists, taking into account the environmental and technical conditions, design the plan and the location of the components of the high voltage substation.

Because the above type of layout is effective for reliability, safety, dimensions and cost of the post, it requires high knowledge, expertise and experience.

Peymabargh company’s activities in the field of high voltage power substations

Since its establishment, Peymabargh Company has dedicated an important part of its activities to the design and development, supply of equipment and execution of power substations in all voltage categories (63 to 400 kV).

In general, in this company for designing power substations, in addition to experience and expertise, Awareness of customer expectations, which are usually regional power companies, is a determining factor.

In this regard, in designing and implementing projects, the standards of the Ministry of Energy are referred to, which are prepared and compiled in the field of types of power substations and their voltage levels and are provided to those interested in designing and constructing power substations.

Also, according to the type of equipment used in the construction of a substation, Peymabargh Company uses common software for designing and calculating the components of substations and determining the quantities and basic specifications of the equipment.

Using a variety of software and basic plans to accelerate the process of preparing the details of the plan, ordering, purchasing basic equipment, meeting the executive requirements and preparing detailed mapping is of great importance.

It is worth mentioning that the projects carried out by Peymabargh Company in this field reach 55 electricity substations, among which we can design, supply equipment and install a 400 kV substation in Hamedan, install a 230 kV gas substation (GIS) in Shush, design and install He pointed to 63.20 kV mobile substations in Absard Damavand and Taleghan.

Click to view project of high voltage substations and more information.

At present, Peymabargh Company is designing, supplying equipment and installing two 132 kV mobile substations in Tabriz and its suburbs, as well as supplying equipment and developing the 132 kV Zarrine rood substation in West Azerbaijan.